How does the 1st Amendment Affect Defamation Law?

Defamation laws have the effect of limiting free speech. Because of this, there is a limit on defamation laws. There is no prior restraint of speech. That is, one is free to make defamatory statements. These laws, however, allow an individual to recover for the harm suffered because of a defamatory communication.

How does defamation apply to celebrities or public figures?

Special rules apply to the defamation of celebrities and public figures and defamation by the news media.

The media is not liable for the defamatory untruths they print unless the plaintiff can prove the untruths were published with malice (evil intent that is the deliberate intent to injure) or with reckless disregard for the truth.

Likewise, for a celebrity or public figure to recover for defamation, she must demonstrate that the defendant defamed her with malice or with reckless disregard for the truth.